双语学堂丨2012-2018年中国时政术语标准英译，都在这里了！
为加强中国时政术语对外译介的标准化和规范化，助力提升国家翻译能力建设的精准性和实效性，中国外文局所属当代中国与世界研究院、中国翻译研究院汇总梳理2012-2018年中国时政术语，结合对外话语创新工作需要，按照“五位一体”总体布局的谋划部署，从政治、经济、文化、社会、生态文明、外交、全球化等七个方面分类遴选450余条汉英对照关键词汇，经中国翻译协会国家重大翻译项目审定工作委员会和中国翻译研究院重点翻译任务统筹工作机制研商审定，现对外发布，供业界及相关人员参考使用。今天和大家分享第一部分。
Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era
the Chinese Dream
the “Two Centenary” goals
the first centenary goal
Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era.
the original aspiration and the mission of the CPC
the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics
the great struggle with many historical features
the great new project of Party building
the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics
the people-centered philosophy of development
the Five-sphere Integrated Plan
the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy
the “Four Matters of Confidence” (Confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics)
the Chinese Approach
the basic strategy for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era
The Party is the highest force for political leadership.
ensuring Party leadership over all work
the underlying principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability
the strategic vision for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era
building a moderately prosperous society in all respects
the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects
the 13th Five-Year Plan
Three Tough Battles (preventing and defusing financial risk, targeted poverty alleviation, and pollution control)
comprehensively deepening reform
the modernization of China’s system and capacity for governance
deepening the reform of Party and State institutions
top-level design
the relationship between Top-level design and advancing with caution
an entrepreneur of reform
system of lists of government powers
the socialist path of making political advance with Chinese characteristics
people are the masters of the country / running of the country by the people
the unity of the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country and law-based governance
the People’s Congress system
the socialist consultative democracy
intra-Party democracy
law-based governance in all respects
the path of law-based governance under Chinese socialism
the system of socialist rule of law
reform of Party and government institutions and the system of government administration
transforming government functions
streamlining administration and delegating power
the reform of streamlining administration, delegating power, strengthening regulation and improving service
There can be no tolerance for selective or arbitrary law enforcement.
the Patriotic United Front
upholding “One Country, Two Systems” and moving toward national reunification
Chinese mainland
“One Country, Two Systems”
the 1992 Consensus
ensuring full and strict governance over the Party
maintain strategic resolve
the general requirements for Party building for the new era
the Party’s political building
the ideological work of the CPC / building the Party through theory
improving the Party’s organizational structures
promoting ethical standards within the Party
strengthening Party discipline
the Party’s institutional development
the political discipline and political rules of the Party
the “Two Upholds” (Upholding General Secretary Xi Jinping’s position as the core of the CPC Central Committee and the whole Party, as well as the authority of the CPC Central Committee and its centralized, unified leadership)
the “Four Consciousnesses” (maintain political integrity, think in terms of the big picture, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership)
the Mass Line Education and Practice Movement of the Party
the Special Education Program of the “Three Stricts and Three Earnests” (three guidelines for ethical behaviour and three basic rules of conduct)
the “Two Studies and One Action” Education Campaign
standards for good officials in the new era
the “Eight-point Regulation of the CPC Central Committee”
oppose the “Four Forms of Decadence” (formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance)
formalism
New officials must continue to meet the commitment undertaken by their predecessors.
a sweeping victory in the fight against corruption
securing a sweeping victory in the fight against corruption
There are no no-go zones, no ground is left unturned, and no tolerance is shown for corruption.
“taking out tigers,” “swatting flies,” and “hunting down foxes” (anti-corruption actions against high-ranking officials, low-ranking officials, and fugitive officials that fled overseas)
confining power within an institutional cage
the inspection tour system
deepening political inspection
reform of the national supervision system
1.新发展理念
new concept for development
innovative development
coordinated development
green development
open development
shared development
developing a modernized economy
high-quality development
the decisive role of the market in resource allocation
improving the macro regulatory system
a new normal for economic development
the new normal of China’s economy
stabilizing the employment, the financial market, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations
supply-side structural reform
cutting ineffective supply, fostering new growth drivers, and reducing costs
Made in China 2025
the National Big Data Strategy
inclusive growth
letting economic structural reform play the role in leading other reforms
the Innovation-driven Development Strategy
innovative country
the National Cyber Development Strategy
the “Internet Plus” Action Plan
mass entrepreneurship and innovation
the Rural Revitalization Strategy
issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and the wellbeing of farmers
rural land contract reform: separation of ownership rights, contractors’ rights and land management rights
the path for new-type urbanization
the Coordinated Regional Development Strategy
Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region
Xiong’an New Area
the Yangtze Economic Belt
the socialist market economy
speeding up the improvement of the socialist market economy
reform of state-owned enterprises
a cordial and clean relationship between government and business
RMB’s inclusion in the Special Drawing Right (SDR) basket
making new ground in pursuing opening up on all fronts
high-level opening up
accelerating the free trade zone strategy
further opening up China’s inland and border regions
China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone
cultural development under socialism with Chinese characteristics
the CPC’s leadership over ideological work
holding firmly the leading position in ideological work
the system of core socialist values
upholding the core socialist values
core values of socialism
fostering core values of socialism
the sense of community for the Chinese nation
promoting innovative transformation and development of traditional Chinese culture
the Chinese Spirit
the Chinese Value
the Chinese Power
the Red Resources (sites and heritage related to the revolutionary traditions of the CPC)
Tell China’s stories
the spirit of the Red Boat
the spirit of Jinggang Mountains
the spirit of the Gutian Meeting
the spirit of Former Central Soviet Areas
the spirit of the Long March
the spirit of the Zunyi Meeting
the spirit of the Anti-Japanese War
the spirit of the Taihang Revolutionary Base Area
the spirit of Yan’an
the spirit of the Military and Political University of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression
the spirit of Norman Bethune
the spirit of Nanniwan
the spirit of the Yan’an Rectification Movement
the spirit of Xibaipo
the spirit of the Yimeng Old Revolutionary Base Area
the spirit of Revolutionary Martyrs in Red Crag
the spirit of Zhang Side
the spirit of Lvliang
the spirit of the “Two Roads” (the Sichuan-Tibet and Qinghai-Tibet Highway)
the spirit of the Hongqi Canal
the spirit of “Two Bombs, One Satellite” (Two Bombs refers to the atomic bomb and the intercontinental ballistic missile, while One Satellite refers to the artificial satellite)
the spirit of Lei Feng
the spirit of Daqing
the spirit of “Iron Man”
the spirit of Jiao Yulu
the spirit of the Chinese National Women’s Volleyball Team
the spirit of Combating the Floods in 1998
the spirit of Combating SARS
the spirit of China’s Manned Space Program
the spirit of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway
the spirit of Earthquake Relief
the spirit of the Beijing Olympics
the spirit of Saihanba
the spirit of the Mogao Grottoes
the spirit of patriotism
the spirit of model workers
the spirit of perseverance
the spirit of reform and innovation
the spirit of Xiaogang
the spirit of craftsmanship
the spirit of Special Economic Zones
the spirit of Youyu
the Silk Road spirit
the Shanghai spirit
Governing a big country is like cooking small fish. (Those who govern the country must be meticulous and thoughtful and take all factors into consideration, so that their policies and measures benefit everyone.)
Great truths are always simple.
People on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are of the same family.
I will work selflessly and live up to the expectations of the people.
I will fully commit to my people and never fail the people.
I am ready to set aside my own interests in service of the people.
cultural programs in the public interest
new media
integrated media
multimedia
omnimedia
1.新时代中国社会主要矛盾
principal conflict facing Chinese society in the new era
the contradiction between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people's ever-growing needs for a better life
Ensuring and improving living standards through development.
Enabling the people to have a greater sense of fulfillment.
the Strategy for Invigorating China through Science and Education
the Strategy on Developing a Quality Workforce
Employment is pivotal to people’s wellbeing.
comprehensively building a multi-tiered social security system
shared ownership housing
common prosperity
well-rounded human development
Those who get rich first help and drive others to get rich later.
The eradication of poverty is an essential requirement of socialism.
Poverty alleviation is an important embodiment of the people-centered philosophy of development.
absolute poverty
relative poverty
intergenerational transmission of poverty
poverty ratio
the fight against poverty
Resolutely win the battle against poverty.
the three-year action plan of winning the battle against poverty
overall regional poverty
eliminating overall regional poverty
taking overall planning of economic and social development by eradicating poverty
enabling all the rural population living below the current poverty line shake off poverty
two assurances and three guarantees
eradicating absolute poverty
the cliff effect
upholding the leadership of the Party in poverty alleviation
Party secretaries at five levels (the CPC Central committee, provincial committee, municipal committee, county-level committee, and village committee)
strengthening the responsibility of the principal leader of the Party and government (in poverty alleviation)
Conference of the CPC Central Committee on Poverty Alleviation and Development
boosting poverty alleviation through Party building
the “last-mile” (in poverty alleviation)
impoverished areas
severely impoverished areas
“Three Regions and Three Prefectures” (Three Regions refers to the Tibet Autonomous Region, the Tibetan areas of Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, and Yunnan provinces, as well as Hetian, Aksu, Kashi, Kizilsu Kyrgyz in the south of Xinjiang Autonomous Region. Three Prefectures refers to Liangshan prefecture in Sichuan, Nujiang prefecture in Yunnan and Linxia prefecture in Gansu.)
the directly-entering-socialism ethnic groups
poor counties
poor households
poor villages
whole-village pushing forward (in poverty alleviation)
Shibadong Village
improving weak links
problem-oriented
targeted poverty alleviation
the “four key issues” (in poverty alleviation)
poverty registration
follow-up checks
the “Five-pronged Poverty Alleviation Measures” (developing production, relocation, ecological compensation, development of education, securing basic needs through social security)
the “Six Precisions” in poverty alleviation (precision of target, measures to the household, use of funds, stationing of first village secretary, and effect of poverty alleviation)
the “Seven Strengthening” (strengthening theoretical competence, the sense of mission, responsibility, work in poverty alleviation, the awareness of development, honesty and self-discipline, and organizational construction)
adjusting measures to local conditions
taking targeted measures for each household
taking holistic approaches
Lifting all poor counties out of poverty.
Poverty relief policies will continue after counties being removed from the poverty list.
Stationing cadres in poor villages to boost poverty alleviation.
basic public services
stabilizing the long-term mechanism for poverty alleviation
unifying the standard of rural poverty alleviation allowance and the standard of rural subsistence allowance
integrating funds related to agriculture
poverty alleviation by relocation
poverty alleviation by securing basic needs through social security
poverty alleviation by providing medical insurance and aid
poverty alleviation by improving health care
poverty alleviation by providing public welfare jobs
poverty alleviation by special programs
financial poverty alleviation
linking the increase in land used for urban construction with the decrease in land used for rural construction
the all-encompassing campaign against poverty / broad participation in poverty alleviation
pairing-off assistance in poverty alleviation
social assistance in poverty alleviation
east-west pairing-off cooperation for poverty alleviation
bottom-line tasks
helping those in need and delivering genuine outcomes
enhancing the quality of poverty alleviation
cadres’ training in rotation
the letter of commitment on poverty alleviation
a working mechanism whereby the central leadership makes overall plans, provincial authorities take overall responsibility, and city and county authorities ensure implementation
“being meticulous like doing embroidery”
transparency in poverty alleviation
third party evaluation mechanism
special rectification of corruption and misconduct in poverty alleviation
the strictest examination and evaluation of poverty alleviation
development-oriented poverty alleviation
internal impetus for poverty elimination
the combination of poverty alleviation and increasing people’s confidence and enriching their knowledge
poverty alleviation by developing industries
poverty alleviation by developing the photovoltaic industry
poverty alleviation by developing education
poverty alleviation by ecological protection
the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of the United Nations
South-South cooperation
a poverty-free community with a shared future for mankind
the Healthy China Initiative
a social governance model based on collaboration, participation, and common interests
smart society
the Safe China Initiative
a holistic approach to national security
ethnic minorities
1.习近平生态文明思想
Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization
“Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.”
harmony between man and nature
strategy for sustainable development
the socialist approach to ecological civilization
the philosophy of ecological civilization
reform of the system of ecological civilization
building a beautiful China
the battle against pollution
winning the fight to keep the sky blue
green development
circular development
low carbon development
sustainable development
resource-conserving and environment-friendly society
the national spatial development pattern
eco-economic system
eco-cities
green supply chain management
green finance
green science and technology
ecological agriculture
Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan
Water Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan
Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan
building a zero-waste city
green mining construction
energy revolution
energy conservation and environmental protection industry
clean-energy industries
clean-production industries
a holistic approach to conserving mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, and grasslands
protect and restore key ecosystems
biodiversity protection project
ecological security system and ecological barriers
ecosystem protection for the Yangtze River and the Yellow River
marine ecological environment protection
addressing climate change and intended national actions
disaster prevention and mitigation system
ecological culture
eco-friendly lifestyle and green consumption
the comprehensive resource conservation system
the regulation system for the use of natural resources
the compensation system for the use of natural resources
the balance sheet of natural resources
off-office auditing of natural resource assets
the system of ecological and environmental protection
modern environmental management system
ecological red lines
reform of the ecological civilization system
the standard system of ecological civilization
the system of ecological restoration
the system of ecological compensation
natural reserves with national parks as the main part
statistical monitoring and comprehensive evaluation
the system of environmental credit assessment
the system of environmental impact assessment
regional cooperation on pollution prevention and control
the inspection system of the central government for environmental protection
the supervision system of ecological environment
the system of environmental information disclosure
public participation in environmental protection
供稿：中国外文局中国翻译研究院
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